Prerelease Versions

Pre-release version management patterns including alpha, beta, and release candidate (RC) tagging with GitHub pre-release workflows.

Overview

This skill provides comprehensive patterns for managing pre-release versions throughout the software development lifecycle. It supports semantic versioning pre-release identifiers (alpha, beta, rc) with GitHub Actions automation for safe pre-production testing.

Pre-release Version Format

Semantic versioning pre-release format:

<major>.<minor>.<patch>-<prerelease>.<number>

Examples:

• 1.0.0-alpha.1 - First alpha release
• 1.0.0-alpha.2 - Second alpha release
• 1.0.0-beta.1 - First beta release
• 1.0.0-beta.2 - Second beta release
• 1.0.0-rc.1 - First release candidate
• 1.0.0-rc.2 - Second release candidate
• 1.0.0 - Stable release (promoted from RC)

Pre-release Types

Alpha (α)

Purpose: Internal testing, highly unstable, breaking changes expected

Characteristics:

• Incomplete features
• No stability guarantees
• Frequent breaking changes
• Internal team only
• Rapid iteration

When to use:

• Feature development in progress
• API design validation
• Internal dogfooding
• Proof of concept testing

Beta (β)

Purpose: External testing, feature complete but may have bugs

Characteristics:

• Feature complete
• API mostly stable
• Known bugs expected
• Open to early adopters
• Limited breaking changes

When to use:

• Feature freeze reached
• Ready for wider testing
• Gathering user feedback
• Performance optimization
• Documentation review

Release Candidate (RC)

Purpose: Final pre-release testing, production ready unless critical bugs found

Characteristics:

• Fully tested features
• API stable
• Only critical bug fixes
• Production environment testing
• No new features

When to use:

• All tests passing
• Documentation complete
• Ready for production
• Final validation
• Stakeholder approval

Scripts

All scripts are located in scripts/ and provide functional pre-release management.

1. create-prerelease.sh

Create a new pre-release version with automatic version calculation.

Usage:

bash scripts/create-prerelease.sh <prerelease_type> <base_version>

Parameters:

• prerelease_type: alpha, beta, or rc
• base_version: Target stable version (e.g., 1.0.0)

Example:

# Create first alpha release for version 1.0.0
bash scripts/create-prerelease.sh alpha 1.0.0
# Output: 1.0.0-alpha.1

# Create next alpha release
bash scripts/create-prerelease.sh alpha 1.0.0
# Output: 1.0.0-alpha.2

Features:

• Auto-increments pre-release number
• Updates VERSION file
• Updates manifest files (package.json, pyproject.toml)
• Creates git tag
• Validates semantic versioning format

2. promote-prerelease.sh

Promote a pre-release to the next stage or stable release.

Usage:

bash scripts/promote-prerelease.sh <current_version>

Promotion Path:

alpha.N → beta.1
beta.N → rc.1
rc.N → stable (removes pre-release identifier)

Example:

# Promote alpha to beta
bash scripts/promote-prerelease.sh 1.0.0-alpha.3
# Output: 1.0.0-beta.1

# Promote beta to RC
bash scripts/promote-prerelease.sh 1.0.0-beta.2
# Output: 1.0.0-rc.1

# Promote RC to stable
bash scripts/promote-prerelease.sh 1.0.0-rc.2
# Output: 1.0.0

Features:

• Automatic promotion logic
• Version file updates
• Manifest synchronization
• Git tag creation
• Changelog generation

3. test-prerelease.sh

Validate pre-release version format and readiness.

Usage:

bash scripts/test-prerelease.sh <version>

Validations:

• Semantic versioning format
• Pre-release identifier validity
• Version consistency across files
• Git tag availability
• Changelog entry presence

Exit Codes:

• 0: All validations passed
• 1: Format validation failed
• 2: Consistency check failed
• 3: Git tag conflict
• 4: Changelog missing

Example:

# Validate alpha release
bash scripts/test-prerelease.sh 1.0.0-alpha.1

# Validate RC release
bash scripts/test-prerelease.sh 1.0.0-rc.1

Templates

All templates are located in templates/ and provide production-ready configurations.

1. github-prerelease-workflow.yml

GitHub Actions workflow for automated pre-release creation and testing.

Location: templates/github-prerelease-workflow.yml

Features:

• Automatic pre-release detection from branch name
• Parallel testing for alpha/beta/RC
• Pre-release asset uploading
• GitHub pre-release flag setting
• Notification integration

Trigger Branches:

• alpha/* → Creates alpha releases
• beta/* → Creates beta releases
• release/* → Creates RC releases

Usage:

# Copy to project
cp templates/github-prerelease-workflow.yml .github/workflows/prerelease.yml

# Customize as needed
vim .github/workflows/prerelease.yml

2. alpha-version-tag.template

Git tag annotation template for alpha releases.

Location: templates/alpha-version-tag.template

Format:

Alpha Release v{VERSION}

🚧 INTERNAL TESTING ONLY

This is an unstable alpha release for internal testing.
Breaking changes are expected in future releases.

Changes:
{CHANGELOG}

Testing:
- [ ] Unit tests passed
- [ ] Integration tests passed
- [ ] Manual testing completed

DO NOT USE IN PRODUCTION

3. beta-version-tag.template

Git tag annotation template for beta releases.

Location: templates/beta-version-tag.template

Format:

Beta Release v{VERSION}

🧪 EARLY ACCESS

This is a beta release for early adopters and testing.
Features are complete but bugs may exist.

Changes:
{CHANGELOG}

Testing:
- [ ] All tests passing
- [ ] Performance benchmarks completed
- [ ] Documentation reviewed
- [ ] Known issues documented

Use with caution in production environments.

4. rc-version-tag.template

Git tag annotation template for release candidates.

Location: templates/rc-version-tag.template

Format:

Release Candidate v{VERSION}

✅ PRODUCTION READY (pending final validation)

This release candidate is considered stable and ready for production
unless critical issues are discovered during final testing.

Changes:
{CHANGELOG}

Validation:
- [x] All tests passing
- [x] Performance validated
- [x] Documentation complete
- [x] Security audit completed
- [ ] Production deployment tested

Expected stable release: {EXPECTED_DATE}

5. prerelease-config.json

Configuration template for pre-release workflow settings.

Location: templates/prerelease-config.json

Structure:

{
  "prerelease": {
    "alpha": {
      "branch_pattern": "alpha/*",
      "auto_increment": true,
      "testing_required": ["unit", "integration"],
      "notification_channels": ["slack-dev"],
      "retention_days": 30
    },
    "beta": {
      "branch_pattern": "beta/*",
      "auto_increment": true,
      "testing_required": ["unit", "integration", "e2e"],
      "notification_channels": ["slack-qa", "slack-dev"],
      "retention_days": 90
    },
    "rc": {
      "branch_pattern": "release/*",
      "auto_increment": true,
      "testing_required": ["unit", "integration", "e2e", "performance"],
      "notification_channels": ["slack-releases", "slack-qa"],
      "retention_days": 180
    }
  }
}

Examples

All examples are located in examples/ and demonstrate real-world workflows.

1. alpha-workflow.md

Complete alpha release workflow from creation to promotion.

Location: examples/alpha-workflow.md

Covers:

• Creating alpha branch
• Initial alpha release
• Iterative alpha releases
• Bug fixes in alpha
• Promoting to beta

2. beta-workflow.md

Complete beta release workflow including feedback integration.

Location: examples/beta-workflow.md

Covers:

• Beta release creation
• User feedback collection
• Bug fix releases
• Feature freeze enforcement
• Promotion to RC

3. rc-workflow.md

Complete release candidate workflow to stable release.

Location: examples/rc-workflow.md

Covers:

• RC creation
• Production validation
• Hotfix handling
• Stakeholder approval
• Stable release promotion

4. multi-prerelease-pipeline.md

Managing multiple concurrent pre-release tracks.

Location: examples/multi-prerelease-pipeline.md

Covers:

• Parallel alpha/beta releases
• Feature branch integration
• Version conflict resolution
• Backport strategies

Integration with Commands

This skill supports versioning plugin commands:

• /versioning:bump - Extended with --prerelease flag
• /versioning:info - Shows pre-release status
• /versioning:rollback - Supports pre-release rollback

Best Practices

Alpha Stage

1. Release frequently - Daily or per-feature releases
2. Document breaking changes - Track API changes
3. Internal only - Never expose to external users
4. Fast iteration - Rapid development cycles
5. Version cleanup - Archive old alphas regularly

Beta Stage

1. Feature freeze - No new features, only bug fixes
2. Wider testing - Include early adopters
3. Gather feedback - Document user issues
4. Performance testing - Validate at scale
5. Documentation review - Ensure docs match features

RC Stage

1. Minimal changes - Critical fixes only
2. Production testing - Test in production-like environment
3. Stakeholder approval - Get sign-off before stable
4. Final documentation - Complete all docs
5. Release notes - Prepare comprehensive release notes

General

1. Clear communication - Announce each pre-release
2. Version consistency - Keep all files synchronized
3. Automated testing - Use CI/CD for all pre-releases
4. GitHub pre-release flag - Mark appropriately in GitHub
5. Retention policy - Clean up old pre-releases

Troubleshooting

Version Number Conflicts

If version already exists:

# Check existing tags
git tag -l "v1.0.0-*"

# Delete conflicting tag
git tag -d v1.0.0-alpha.1

# Recreate with correct number
bash scripts/create-prerelease.sh alpha 1.0.0

Promotion Issues

If promotion fails:

# Validate current version
bash scripts/test-prerelease.sh 1.0.0-alpha.3

# Check promotion path
# alpha.N → beta.1 → rc.1 → stable

# Force promotion if needed
bash scripts/promote-prerelease.sh 1.0.0-alpha.3 --force

GitHub Workflow Failures

If GitHub Actions workflow fails:

# Check workflow logs
gh run list --workflow=prerelease.yml

# View specific run
gh run view <run-id>

# Re-run failed jobs
gh run rerun <run-id>

Inconsistent Versions

If versions are out of sync:

# Check all version locations
bash scripts/test-prerelease.sh 1.0.0-beta.1

# Manual sync if needed
# Update VERSION file
echo '{"version": "1.0.0-beta.1"}' > VERSION

# Update package.json
npm version 1.0.0-beta.1 --no-git-tag-version

# Update pyproject.toml
sed -i 's/version = .*/version = "1.0.0-beta.1"/' pyproject.toml

See Also

• @plugins/versioning/skills/version-manager/SKILL.md - Core version management
• @plugins/versioning/commands/bump.md - Version bumping command
• @plugins/versioning/agents/release-validator.md - Release validation agent